Fractals are never-ending, infinitely complex patterns that are self-similar across different scales. They are created by repeating a simple process over and over, basically by breaking (fracturing) each piece of the pattern into small pieces again and again in a consistent way. We encounter fractals in many aspests of the world, for example, the shape of mountains and mountain chains, plants and their leaves, snowflakes under a microscope, the shape of lungs and how they branch into capillaries. We also see them when we study price charts for stocks or commodities.